Ancient Africa

• Concepts of money and monetary standards in ancient Africa
• Trade and transport in ancient Africa
• The tax system in ancient Africa
• The customs system in ancient Africa

Contemporary Africa

• Mechanisms of African economies before the colonial period, their restructuring by the colonizer and lasting repercussions after independence
• Analysis of inter-African transport by road, river and air
• Analysis of the evolution of inter-African trade
• The impact of monetary sovereignty on the efficiency of African economies
• The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and opportunities for the continent’s small and medium-sized businesses
• Foreign firms’ strategies for setting up in the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)
• Cultural industries, their promotion and impact on the development of an African country
• African markets: analysis of players, products and consumption

African ports and their impact on sustainable development

• The involvement of foreign players and the question of national sovereignty in African ports
• The extension of the Port Autonome de Douala: implications for sustainable development
• The extension of the Port Autonome de Douala: long-term effects on the environment
• Extension of the Port Autonome de Douala: long-term effects on local populations
• Port transit mechanisms at the Port of Douala
• Port transit mechanisms at the ports of Kribi and Limbe
• Pollution of the Wouri River, its effects on the environment and its economic repercussions